Background: Short beak and dwarfism syndrome (SBDS) was caused by novel goose parvovirus (NGPV)-a variant\nof goose parvovirus (GPV). Ducks infected with NGPV shows clinical signs including growth retardation and\nprotrusion of the tongue from an atrophied beak. SBDS outbreak was first reported at the northern coastal\nprovinces of China during 2015 and it was again reported in Sichuan, an inland province of China in 2016. The\ndisease caused a huge economic loss in Chinese duck feeding industry.\nResults: The SD15 strain of NGPV was isolated from liver and intestinal tract tissue samples of infected ducks. Realtime\nquantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to estimate viral load in embryonated eggs and cells infected with adapted\nvirus. The data showed that duck embryo fibroblasts (DEFs) were permissive to NGPV, while goose embryo\nfibroblasts (GEFs) cells were not, and the copy numbers of SD15 in the allantoic fluid of infected eggs remained at\n10^5.0-10^6.5 copies/ml. The adaption procession of the virus was determined via qPCR, and viral proliferation was\ndetected through indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) in DEFs. It was further determined that viral copy\nnumbers peaked at 96 h post-inoculation (hpi), which is the best time to harvest the virus in DEFs. Cytotoxic effects\nand cell death were observed at 72 hpi in SD15 infected DEFs, yet SD15 did not induce apoptosis.\nConclusions: The growth characteristics of SD15 strain of NGPV determined would be beneficial for further\nmolecular characterization of these viruses and develop potential vaccines if required.
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